[填空题]
The bolts on the cylinder head of an end7jg;n3l1 ef ngine layy a d;-fwf; g+ 4bm+(98jn wdfrallnpb:(,require tightening to a torque of 38an,l aw;gaf+ydlnb;b48pfl w r 9(jymf(+-:d $m \cdot N$ If a wrench is 28 cm long, what force perpendicular to the wrench must the mechanic exert at its end? N If the six-sided bolt head is 15 mm in diameter, estimate the force applied near each of the six points by a socket wrench (Fig. 8–41). N